Galena Hops

BitteringAlpha 11.5 - 14.0%United States

Galena stands as a historic milestone in American viticulture, representing the first true "super-alpha" commercial success story engineered by United States Department of Agriculture. Developed from an open-pollinated seed collection of the legendary British cultivar Brewer's Gold, this robust variety was selected in 1968 by Dr. Richard R. Romanko in Idaho before its official commercial launch in 1978. Engineered specifically to maximize bittering efficiency during a period of massive industry transformation, Galena single-handedly proved that domestic breeding programs could outpace traditional European imports in raw analytical output. For decades, its aggressive agricultural resilience, heavy yield potential, and highly predictable performance crowned it the most widely planted bittering hop in the country, securing its legacy as an indispensable, hard-working backbone for regional and macro-breweries worldwide.

The profile of Galena presents a classic, unapologetically assertive expression of old-school Pacific Northwest terroir that surprises with its hidden depth. Driven by an exceptionally high concentration of myrcene oils balanced against a lower humulene fraction, its upfront aromatic blueprint delivers a sharp, clean punch of dark fruit, heavily defined by deep blackcurrant and a pithy, sulfur-accented grapefruit peel. This intense fruitiness is grounded by a heavy, rustic foundation of resinous forest pine, warming wood notes, and a damp-earth spice line. While its raw sensory punch is decidedly bold and unrefined when used late, it mellows beautifully in the kettle, providing an ultra-clean, crisp bittering baseline that cuts effortlessly through dense, caramelized specialty malts or anchors the aggressive, hoppy structure of classic American ales.

Substitution Tip

If you can't find Galena, the best alternatives are Chinook, Columbus, Nugget, or Target.

At A Glance

ProfileDeep Black Currant, Pithy Grapefruit, Resinous Pine, Rustic Spice, Earth
PurposeBittering
Alpha Acid11.5 - 14.0%
SubstitutesChinook, Columbus, Nugget, Target
Pairs withCascade (to interweave a vibrant/citrusy grapefruit brightness into the heavy/black-currant and resinous baseline), Centennial (to build a classic, Willamette (to smooth out the mid-palette with a plush/herbal/and earthy woodiness over Galena's clean bitterness), multi-layered/and deeply complex West Coast "dank-citrus" profile)
Beer StylesAmerican India Pale Ale, Imperial Stout, Robust Porter, Barleywine, Stout/Oatmeal Stout, American Pale Ale

General Information

Country
United States
Alias
USDA 21182
Storage Stability
Retains 75 - 80% alpha acid

Brewing Chemistry (Acids & Oils)

Alpha Acid
11.5 - 14.0%
Beta Acid
7.0 - 9.0%
Cohumulone
34.0 - 40.0%
Total Oil
1.5 - 2.5 ml/100g
Myrcene
55.0 - 60.0%
Humulene
10.0 - 15.0%
Caryophyllene
3.0 - 6.0%
Farnesene
< 1.0%
Linalool
0.1 - 0.3%
B-Pinene
0.4 - 0.7%
Geraniol
0.5 - 0.8%
Xanthohumol
0.45% - 0.55%

Growth & Cultivation

Yield
1,700 - 2,200 lbs/acre
Maturity
Medium-Early to Mid Season
Resistant
Downy Mildew (High)
Tolerant
Verticillium Wilt
Susceptible
Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus (PNRSV), Hop Mosaic Virus (HMV)
Growth Rate
Very High / Vigorous
Cones
Medium to large, compact, densely packed, and ovate; heavy with sticky, golden-yellow lupulin gland
Ease of Harvest
Excellent (Responds cleanly to high-speed mechanical harvesting with minimal cone shattering or stem
Sex
Female
Leaf Color
Dark Green
Side Arm Length
20" - 40" (Moderate to Long)

Galena Aroma/Flavor Profile

Aroma
Flavor
CitrusTropical FruitStone FruitApple/PearMelonBerryFloralSpicy/HerbalPineResinGrassEarthy/WoodyOnion/GarlicDank/Catty

Discovery Tags

Usage

Last Updated
  • 2026-05-21 00:27:19